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Facts about Sweden

geography


Facts about Sweden

Total area1

450,295 km2



Lakes and streams

39,960 km2

Land area (inc. icecap area)

410,335 km2

Arable land and gardens

27,030 km2

Forests incl. other land area

230,370 km2

Largest lake

Vänern 5,490 km2

Highest point

Kebnekaise 2,111 m

Coastline, mainland

11,500 km

National land boundaries

2,205 km (border to Finland: 586 km, to Norway: 1,619 km)

Mean temperature 11211n137l Stockholm
(1970-2000)

January -1.7° C
July 17.6° C

Mean temperature 11211n137l Stockholm (2006)

January -2.3° C
July 20.8° C

Normal precipation Stockholm
(1970-2000)

547 mm

Precipitation Stockholm (2006)

549 mm

Population 1 January 2007

Population per km2
1 January 2007

Capital population
1 January 2007

Stockholm (municipality) 782,885
Stockholm (incl. suburbs2) 1,918,104

Capital area population, per cent of total population

National holiday

6 June (Swedish flag)

Form of government

Constitutional monarchy

Parliament

Riksdagen (349 seats)

Membership of EU

Yes, from 1 January 1995

Membership of NATO

No

Head of State
(as of September 2006)

Kong Carl XVI Gustaf

Head of government
(as of October 2006)

Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt
(Moderate Party)

Currency

Swedish krona (SEK)

Official website

www.sweden.se

Incl. the greater lakes, but excl. the area from the coastline to the territorial border,
81 502 km2
2 Stockholm municipality + urban areas (municipalities): Botkyrka, Danderyd, Ekerö,
Haninge, Huddinge, Järfälla, Lidingö, Nacka, Salem, Sigtuna, Sollentuna, Solna, Sundbyberg,
Tyresö, Täby, Upplands-Bro, Upplands Väsby, Vallentuna, Vaxholm, Värmdö and Österåker.

Sweden has lowland areas which are similar to those in Denmark and Finland, but also mountain areas, although these are not as barren and steep as those in Norway.

Sweden has a very rocky coastline with hundreds of small islands, some of which are arboreous. This type of coast line, called an archipelago, is found both on the eastern and the western side of the country, in particular around Gothenburg and Stockholm.

More than half the land area in Sweden is covered mainly by coniferous forest. Spruce and pine occur in abundance in the north and in the Småland highlands, but other vegetation zones exist too. At the lower latitude and longitude degrees, the most common vegetation zones are the alpine zone, the birch zone, the coniferous zone and the beech zone in the south.

The conditions for agriculture vary significantly from the southern parts of the country, where the crop season lasts seven months, to the north where the crop season only lasts for four months. However, because of the relatively high temperatures and the long daylight hours, it is possible to farm quite far north.

General facts

  • Sweden has an area of 450,000 km2 (174,000 sq. miles). Half its land surface is covered with forest and less than a tenth is farmland. There are almost 100,000 lakes around the country. The highest mountain is Kebnekaise, 2,111 m (6,928 ft) above sea level. Sweden is the third largest country in Western Europe.
  • The distance between the country's northernmost and southernmost points is 1,574 km. At its widest point Sweden measures 499 km.
  • The warm Gulf Stream gives Sweden a milder climate than other countries at the same latitude. In northern regions the summers are light and the sun shines virtually all day and night.
  • Sweden is rich in natural assets in the form of forest, hydroelectric power, iron ore, uranium and other minerals, but imports oil and coal to meet the country's energy requirements.
  • Capital: Stockholm.
  • Population: 9 million inhabitants.
  • Languages: Swedish; recognized minority languages: Sami (Lapp), Finnish, Meänkieli (Tornedalen Finnish), Yiddish, Romani Chib (a Gypsy language).
  • Sweden is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary form of government. The present king is Carl XVI Gustaf.
  • Religion: 80% belong to the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Sweden.
  • Average life expectancy: men 78 years, women 82 years.
  • On average, Swedish women have 1.85 children each (2006).
  • Most important export goods: Electrical and telecom equipment, machinery, passenger cars, paper, pharmaceuticals, iron and steel.
  • Most important imported goods: Electrical and telecom equipment, machinery, foodstuffs, crude oil, textile products, footwear, passenger cars.

Source: The Swedish Institute, 2007 (www.si.se), Official Statistics of Sweden (www.scb.se

Some facts about Swedish child care and education

  • Sweden has a target oriented and result-oriented system. The central government defines and outlines the overall goals and guidelines for childcare and the local authorities are responsible for implementing them. Central government contributes through grants.
  • A national curriculum was introduced 1998, which is a government decree that specifies overall goals for the pre-school.
  • Since 2003, universal pre-school has been introduced for all four and five-year olds. Although the provision of universal pre-school will be mandatory for the municipalities, children will be able to participate on a voluntary basis.
  • Schooling is compulsory for all children from the age of seven. Preschool classes for six-year-olds are voluntary. The compulsory education period is nine years.

Source: "Child care in Sweden", published by The Swedish National Agency for Education (www.skolverket.se) in 2000.

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