Packet Tracer 4.0
Objective
Use Packet Tracer to complete the following skills
To view the process of an ARP request as it travels through a switched network
To view the process of an ARP request as it travels through a routed network
Scenario
This topology represents a routed network, ideal for studying ARP and ICMP behavior.
Required Files
To complete this lab, you will need the following Packet Tracer Activity (.pka) files.
CCNA1_Concept_Activity_L2L3.pka
Plan:
Familiarize yourself with PT 4.0 help menu, in case you have questions. At the end of the activity each per 313e44d son or group is to write three questions using the scenario. These questions can be used in conjunction with the final exam. As the student completes the lab, they should think about the questions they would like to submit.
Act 1: Reviewing and Starting Packet Tracer
Open the "CCNA1_Concept_Activity_L2L3.pka" and follow the Instructions, which are repeated here:
Step 1
Use the Inspect tool (place it over the device and click), located on the right side of the screen, appears as magnifying glass, to examine the following:
Switch MAC Address Table
Router Routing Table
Router ARP Table - Note not all interfaces are "UP" or being used.
Host ARP table
All tables except the Router's Routing Tables and the Switch's MAC Address Tables should be empty.
Step 2
Use the Inspect tool (point to the device, a screen tip will open), located on the right side of the screen, appears as magnifying glass, to examine the following:
Host MAC Addresses
Host IP Address and Subnet Mask
Router interface IP and MAC Addresses
Step 3
Enter simulation mode by clicking on the Simulation tab. The tab is located behind the Realtime tab in the lower right hand corner of Packet Tracer.
Click on Add Simple PDU. This is the closed envelope located on the right side of the screen. After clicking on Add Simple PDU, click on PC2 and then PC3. This will identify both the source and destination PCs for the PDU.
Use the Event List Filter in the Simulation Panel to select ARP and ICMP packets only.
Use the Auto Capture / Play button in the Simulation Panel window to animate the event and to view the processing of an ARP and ICMP packets.
Reflect
Are the interfaces that connect Router1 and Router2 to other routers Ethernet or Serial interfaces?
Do serial interfaces have MAC Addresses?
Why did Switch1 flood the ARP Request in Step 3?
What other devices and hosts received the ARP request issued in Step 3?
Did the router forward the ARP Request? Why or why not?
Act 2: Switches
Reset the network. Look at the "Resetting the Network" section at the end of this activity.
Step 1
Enter simulation mode by clicking on the Simulation tab. The tab is located behind the Realtime tab in the lower right hand corner of Packet Tracer.
Click on Add Simple PDU. This is the closed envelope located on the right side of the screen. After clicking on Add Simple PDU, click on PC0 and then PC4. This will identify both the source and destination PCs for the PDU.
Use the Event List Filter in the Simulation Panel to select ARP and ICMP packets only.
Use the Auto Capture / Play button in the Simulation Panel window to animate the event and to view the processing of an ARP and ICMP packets.
Step 2
Use the Event list to examine the information in the Layer 2 frame and Layer 3 packets. Click the colored box on the Info column of the Event List to examine each PDU.
Notice the type of packet that is being sent (ARP or ICMP) whether the Layer 2 destination address is a unicast or broadcast, and now each device floods or filters the Ethernet frame.
Reflect
When the switch's MAC Address table does not contain the Destination MAC Address and the address is not included in the frame, how does the switch process the frame?
When the switch's MAC Address table contains the Destination MAC address, what advantage does a switch have over a hub?
Act 3: Interneworks
Reset the network. Look at the "Resetting the Network" section at the end of this activity.
Step 1
Enter simulation mode by clicking on the Simulation tab. The tab is located behind the Realtime tab in the lower right hand corner of Packet Tracer.
Click on Add Simple PDU. This is the closed envelope located on the right side of the screen. After clicking on Add Simple PDU, click on PC0 and then PC5. This will identify both the source and destination PCs for the PDU.
Use the Event List Filter in the Simulation Panel to select ARP and ICMP packets only.
Use the Auto Capture / Play button in the Simulation Panel window to animate the event and to view the processing of an ARP and ICMP packets.
Step 2
Notice the type of packet that is being sent (ARP or ICMP) whether the Layer 2 destination address is a unicast or broadcast, and now each device floods or filters the Ethernet frame.
Note: In Simulation mode Packet Tracer only sends one ICMP request. The ARP table on Router3 does not contain the Destination IP address and the ICMP packet is dropped but the ARP request is processed, the student will need to resend a second ICMP request.
Step 3
Continue with the second ICMP ping by adding another Simple PDU between PC0 and PC5 without resetting anything and clicking on the Auto Capture / Play button. Notice that the ARP tables for PC0, PC5, and Routers have the Destination MAC Address and Source IP Address in their ARP tables, so no ARP Requests/Replies need to be generated.
Step 4
Use the Event list to examine the information in the Layer 2 frames and Layer 3 packets.
Reflect
What device returned the ARP Reply from Host 0's ARP Request?
What was the Destination MAC Address of Host 0's ICMP request?
Why did Router3 need to do an ARP Request when it received the ICMP request?
Resetting the Network
To reset the network and begin the simulation again, click on Reset Network on yellow bar below the network graphic.
Click Delete below the Scenario list box.
Click on Real Time mode, then Simulation mode to reset the activity.
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