LA CUMPARATURI. MAGAZINE. STRUCTURI LEXICALE SPECIFICE. GENITIVUL IN LIMBA ENGLEZA. TRECUTUL SIMPLU AL VERBELOR NEREGULATE (I)

_{LA CUMPĂRĂTURI. MAGAZINE. STRUCTURI LEXICALE SPECIFICE. GENITIVUL ĪN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ. TRECUTUL SIMPLU AL VERBELOR NEREGULATE (I)}

_{Prezentarea de texte specifice īn limba engleza cu diversele categorii de magazine si marfurile ce se pot achizitiona din fiecare;}

_{At the Baker's / La magazinul cu produse de panificatie}

_{Characters: Shop assistant (S.a.);}

_{Madam Agness (M.Ag.).}

_{S.a.: Good morning. Can I help you ?}

_{M.Ag.: Yes, please. I'd like 2 loaves of bread, some rolls and a rye bread.}

_{S.a : Here you are, Madam Anything else ?}

_{M.Ag.: Yes, I'd also like to buy 10 cracknels.}

_{S.a : Sorry, no cracknels today.}

_{M.Ag.: All right. How much is it?}

_{S.a: 50.000 lei.}

_{M.Ag.: Thank you, good-bye.}

_{S.a.: Good-bye. Come again.}

_{New Words}

_{- 2 loaves of bread - doua pāini}

_{- rolls - chifle}

_{- cracknels - covrigi}

_{- gingerbread - turta dulce}

_{At the Grocer's / At the Food Store/ La magazinul alimentar}

_{Characters: Shop assistant (S.a.);}

_{Mr. Smith (Mr.S.).}

_{S.a Good afternoon. What can I do for you ?}

_{Mr.S.: Well, I'd like to buy a kilo or rice, a kilo of sugar and some freshly roasted coffee-beans.}

_{S.a Here you are. Would you like anything else ?}

_{Mr.S.: Yes, please. A bottle of vegetable / edible oil, 10 eggs and a jar of strawberry jam.}

_{S.a Here you are.}

_{New Words}

_{- rice - orez}

_{- freshly roasted coffee-beans - cafea boabe proaspat prajita}

_{- cash-register - casa de marcaj}

_{- a jar of strawberry gem - capsuni}

_{At the Greengrocer's / La aprozar}

_{Characters: Shop assistant (S.a.);}

_{Mr.John (Mr.J.).}

_{Mr.J.: Excuse me, I'd like some tomatoes and a bunch of bananas.}

_{S.a Sorry, no more bananas today.}

_{Mr.J.: Then give me some tangerines instead.}

_{S.a Here you are 95.p.}

_{Mr.J.: 95.p. ? That's a lot of money.}

_{S.a You're right. Tangerines are very expensive this week.}

_{New Words}

_{- tangerines - mandarine}

_{- they don't look fresh - nu par a fi prospete}

_{At the Butcher's / La magazinul de carne}

_{Characters: Shop assistant (S.a.);}

_{Mr.Antony (Mr.A.).}

_{S.a.: Good morning. What can I do for you?}

_{Mr.A.: I'd like to buy a joint of beef about 2 pounds.}

_{S.a.: How about this piece ?}

_{Mr.A.: I think it is too fat, I'd like something lean.}

_{I think the loaf over there is just what I need.}

_{S.a Yes. Will there be anything else?}

_{Mr.A.: I'd also like to buy one kilogram of mutton and a chicken.}

_{That chicken. Will you weigh it for me, please?}

_{S.a Of course.}

_{Mr.A.: And have you got any minced meat ?}

_{S.a I'm afraid it's sold out, Sir.}

_{New Words / Additional Words}

_{- a joint of beef about 2 pounds - o bucata de carne de circa 2 livre}

_{- a kilogram of mutton - 1 kg. de carne de berbec}

_{- lean meat - carne slaba}

_{- it's sold out - s-a epuizat (cantitativ)}

_{- minced meat - carne tocata}

_{- mutton chops - cotlete din carne de berbec}

_{- beef - carne de vita}

_{- pork - carne de porc}

_{Prezentarea formelor de genitiv al limbii engleze: genitivul sintetic, analitic, si genitivul unitatilor de timp.}

_{Substantivul īn cazul genitiv exprima īn general ideea de posesiune.}

_{Genitivul sintetic (saxon)}

_{Forma de singular}

_{Posesor's + obiectul posedat}

_{John's car is red.}

_{The boy's new shirt.}

_{Dupa 's pot apare si persoane (membrii de familie, rude etc.).}

_{Peter's sister.}

_{Dan's uncle.}

_{NOTA: Daca posesorul este un nume terminat īn "s", genitivul sintetic se poate construi cu 's sau doar cu '-, dar oricum se scrie, se pronuna [ iz ].}

_{Charles'house; Charles's house.}

_{[' t Sa : lz iz]}

_{Genitivul sintetic se utilizeaza, īn general atunci cānd posesorul este o persoana.}

_{Exista īnsa si alte situatii de utilizare a acestuia:}

_{a./ denumiri geografice sau a unor institutii:}

_{Exemple: Romānia's foreign policy;}

_{the school's programme;}

_{b./ cu substantive colective:}

_{Exemple: our nation's security;}

_{Town's monuments}

_{c./ cu compusii lui some, any, no, every:}

_{Exemple: somebody's advice;}

_{everyone's wish - dorinta fiecaruia}

_{nobody's fault - vina nimanui}

_{Forma de plural}

_{Posesori' + obiectul posedat / obiectele posedate}

_{The students' notebooks;}

_{The players'T - shirts.}

_Execptii:

_{The children's}

_{The men's}

_{The women's}

_Exemplu:

_{Women's Clothing Department.}

_{Genitivul analitic (prepozitional)}

_{Se formeaza cu prepozitia of dupa obiectul posedat:}

_{Se foloseste īn general cu substantive nume de obiecte.}

_Exemple:

_{The door of the room.}

_{The windscreen of the car was broken.}

_{Se mai poate folosi cu nume proprii, īn locul genitivului sintetic.}

_Exemple:

_{The teacher of Peter.}

_{I am a great fan of Dinamo.}

_{The pictures of Daniel and Smith.}

_{Genitivul eliptic}

_{Este o forma īn care lipseste obiectul posedat, acesta subīntelegāndu-se prin simpla enuntare a posesorului.}

_{Se utilizeaza īn doua cazuri:}

_{a./ pentru locuinta cuiva}

_{Exemple: I'm going to my mother's (house).}

_{b./ pentru pravalii, firme, restaurante, cluburi.}

_{Exemple: I'll go to the grocer's (shop).}

_{She is at the tailor's (workshop).}

_{I usually have dinner at Sall's (restaurant).}

_{Genitivul unitatilor de timp}

_{Exemple: today's newspaper, a year's work, 2 weeks' work, yesterday's news.}

_{Trecutul simplu al verbelor neregulate (I); folosirea formelor de trecut īn constructii AFIRMATIVE sI interogative;}

_{Propozitiile afirmative la trecutul simplu (The Past Tense Simple) se formeaza folosindu-se forma a doua a verbului. Pentru orice persoana, singular sau plural, īn propozitiile afirmative verbul va avea aceeasi forma.}

_{Sb + Vb (la forma a II-a) - pentru toate persoanele}

_{Exemple de conjugare a unui verb neregulat la trecutul simplu:}

_{Infinitive Past Tense Past Participle}

_{To Speak Spoke Spoken}

_{I spoke We spoke}

_{You spoke You spoke}

_{He spoke They spoke}

_{She spoke}

_{To Go Went Gone}

_{I went to the country last Saturday.}

_{They went to the seaside last summer, too.}

_{Lista cu cele mai utilizate verbe neregulate}

_{Utilizarea verbelor neregulate la trecutul simplu īn propozitii interogative}

_{Propozitiile interogative se alcatuiesc dupa formula:}

_{Did + Sb + Vb (la infinitiv) - pentru toate persoanele.}

_Exemple:

_{Did they leave the town yesterday evening?}

_{Where did you lose your papers ?}

_{What did they say when you told them the truth?}